In a mixing bowl, combine the cornmeal, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Whisk together until well combined.
In another bowl, mix the buttermilk and egg. Whisk until the egg is fully incorporated.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients. Stir until just combined. Avoid overmixing; it’s okay if there are a few lumps.
Stir in the vegetable oil or melted butter until combined.
Heat a skillet or griddle over medium heat and add a little oil or butter to coat the surface.
Once the skillet is hot, ladle about ¼ cup of batter onto the skillet for each hoecake. Cook until bubbles form on the surface and the edges begin to look set, about 3-4 minutes.
Flip the hoecakes and cook for another 2-3 minutes, or until golden brown.
Remove the hoecakes from the skillet and place them on a plate. Repeat with the remaining batter, adding more oil or butter to the skillet as needed.
Serve warm with your choice of toppings such as butter, maple syrup, or honey.